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Internationalization Indicators

List of Tables and Charts on R&D Expenditure

• R&D Expenditure Summary (latest data)
• R&D Expenditure - Industry related
• Public Expenditure on Education as % of GDP
• R&D Expenditure with OECD data comparison
• Chart: R&D Expenditure compared for year 1997
• R&D Expenditure as % GDP
• OECD's Investment in Knowledge data

A more complete picture of investment in knowledge should include expenditure on the design of new goods and cost of job-related training programmes.

The R&D effort (expenditure and personnel) is usually broken down among four sectors of performance: business enterprises, higher education, government and private non-profit institutions serving households (PNP). R&D has various sources of financing. Five sources are generally considered: the four R&D-performing sectors previously mentioned and funds from "abroad".